深度解读】Trump政府的H1b, EB和OPT政策

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【 以下文字转载自 EB23 讨论区 】
发信人: wamen (细节控), 信区: EB23
标 题: 【深度解读】Trump政府的H1b, EB和OPT政策
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Nov 12 01:23:38 2016, 美东)

Trump当选快一周了 我给大家来解读一下Trump上台后可能的合法职业移民政策

共和党参议员Jeff Sessions是共和党控制的参议院移民委员会主席 他是共和党建制派
里第一个公开站出来支持Trump党内提名的,Trump如今赢得大选(虽然绝对票数少于希
拉里),自然不会亏待最早支持他的铁杆参议员。今天的消息,Trump内阁Sessions可
能会出任DHS头头(也就是USCIS的顶头大老板)

我们先来解读一下Sessions对合法职业移民的政策,他2015年提出的他的signature
piece-meal移民改革法案The American Jobs First Act of 2015【参考文献1】,体现
了他对合法职业移民H1B,EB和OPT系列的政策,这个也是Trump政府移民改革的一个重要
部分【参考文献2】

我们先来看看The American Jobs First Act of 2015的主要内容,如果懒的看英文,
总结一下就是严格限制H1b,只有博士学位或者硕士学位加10年工作经验才能申请或者
延期,取消F1 OPT

值得一提的是,这个法案恰恰是被有些人唾骂的Obama政府和民主党在参议院里阻止的
,现在Trump和参众两院都是共和党的,通过完全没有任何压力

Pay an H-1B worker either what an American worker who did identical or
similar work made two years prior to the recruiting effort, or minimum
salary of $110,000, whichever is higher. The minimum wage would be adjusted
annually for inflation.

Those who qualify for an H-1B visa should have an advanced degree, and
would require certification from university and be in accordance with
academic standards in the US.

Prohibit H-1B workers from paying penalties to their employers for
leaving a job before the end of a contract date.

Prohibit employers from requiring an H-1B worker to pay fees for housing
, vehicular transportation, among others.

A ‘layoff cool-off period of two years, preventing an employer from
bringing in an H-1B worker within 730 days of a strike, layoff, furlough or
other involuntary employee terminations.

‘Real-time online updating’ of H-1B applications and usage.

Eliminate the Optional Practical Training Program (OPT), which provides
a means to work via a F-1 student visa in the US.

Prohibit employment authorization document (EAD) to anyone on student
visa or F-1 status (who is no longer engaged in full time study) under the
OPT program or a successor program, “without an express Act of Congress
authorizing such a program.”

有人会说Trump的政策不一定会这么可怕,现在Trump还没上台,当然没有具体政策法案
细节出来,但是看看他对移民问题的白皮书【参考文献2】,里面提到关于合法移民的
部分,和Sessions的法案如出一辙 而且他还提到可能会暂时停止一切合法绿卡的审批
工作

Trump has announced a number of plans to make it harder to obtain a green
card in the next four years. One of his most radical ideas is to stop
issuing green cards altogether for a period of time.

Increase prevailing wage for H-1Bs (共和党2015法案一致)

Requirement to hire American workers first (共和党2015法案一致)

Immigration moderation (英文不好的我给翻译一下 就是限制合法移民的政治正确说
法)

Trump白皮书里暂时没有提及F1 OPT和EB,这个是太具体的技术细节,你不能高估他的
竞选团队,他们能搞清楚H1B怎么回事就不错了 具体上台后的政策 有Sessions挑大梁
F1 OPT和EB改革不可避免

个人建议:

如果可能,建议大家赶紧降EB3,或者升级EB1(如果你是博士学位),争取搭上Obama
民主党政府的末班车 等明年1月Trump入住白宫,DHS头目换成反移民的Sessions,你随
便想想就知道USCIS的各种审批会变成多可怕 这时候 别说EB2,就是包括EB1的140批准
也会各个IO都会变成NSC的杀手 这个不需要议会通过任何法案, DHS一个regulation
就分秒把你EB1 140审批难度提高几个数量级

【参考文献1】https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/s2394/summary

【参考文献2】https://assets.donaldjtrump.com/Immigration-Reform-Trump.pdf
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